Abstract Background Disruption of the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) can facilitate inflammation that results in pain hypersensitivity. Proinflammatory cytokines produced by activated microglia and astrocytes damage the BSCB. This study aims to explore whether the BSCB is damaged in the bone cancer pain (BCP) model and to investigate a potential role and mechanism of JWH015 ((2-methyl-1-propyl-1H-indol-3-yl)−1-naphthalenylmethanone), a selective cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) agonist, in preserving the BSCB integrity in the BCP model. Methods We used a male mouse model of BCP. Pain hypersensitivity was measured over time. Evans blue dye extravasation, transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting were performed to investigate the permeability and structural integrity...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabinoids (CBDs) represent a diverse class of chemicals that may be beneficial in the treatment of various skin diseases due to antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive properties. Although the legal history of these compounds has previously restricted their use and study, it seems likely that CBDs will gain popularity as they become increasingly available. We examined the mechanisms in which CBDs may have potential in the field of dermatology and reviewed the existing literature. We suggest that dermatologists review the existing evidence for CBD use and be ready to discuss it with their patients. The current...

ABSTRACT Introduction With the legalization of both medical and recreational marijuana in some countries and a few US states, its use has become more widely prevalent. Both exogenous cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) have been shown to affect female gonadotropin pathways and female sexuality. Yet, our understanding of the mechanisms and effects on female sexual function is limited. Aim To review the literature regarding the effects of both endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids on female sexual function in both animals and humans. Methods We performed a PubMed search for English-language articles in peer-reviewed journals between 1970 and 2019. We used the...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract There has been an explosion of interest in the utility of cannabinoids as potential analgesics. This systematic review critically synthesizes the evidence for cannabinoid analgesic effects on quantitative sensory testing outcomes in both healthy adults and patients with chronic noncancer pain. Our systematic review protocol is preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42018117367). An electronic search was made in PsycINFO, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Embase, and Pubmed of all literature published until August 2018. Of the 1217 studies found from the search, a total 39 placebo-controlled studies that met the eligibility criteria were synthesized for this study. Because of...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and acceptability of cannabinoids for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched for randomized trials utilizing cannabinoids for the treatment of adults with anxiety disorders. Primary outcomes were reduction in anxiety disorder symptoms, and study discontinuation due to adverse events. Evidence was synthesized as rate ratios (RRs) and as standardized mean differences (SMDs) using random-effects meta-analyses. Results A total of 14 eligible trials representing 1548 individuals (median age: 33 years; range: 28–44; 66% male) were identified. Cannabinoids reduced anxiety symptoms (SMD = −1.85, 95% CI: −2.61...

ABSTRACT Cannabidiol is a cannabinoid-derived product that has recently been approved for the treatment of pharmacoresistant seizures in patients with epileptic encephalopathies such as Dravet Syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. Short-term side effects of cannabidiol are well know and well-documented in the clinical trials that lead to its approval. Generally, is a well tolerated drug with transitory, dose-dependent mild to moderate effects like somnolence, decreased appetite or diarrhoea. However severe life-threatening reactions can also occur, and are often related to the non-controlled toxic combination with other antiseizure drugs that are widely used in this type of patients like sodium valproate or clobazam. In this brief...

Abstract O-1602 and O-1918 are atypical cannabinoid ligands for GPR55 and GPR18, which may be novel pharmaceuticals for the treatment of obesity by targeting energy homeostasis regulation in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to determine the effect of O-1602 or O-1918 on markers of oxidative capacity and fatty acid metabolism in the skeletal muscle. Diet-induced obese (DIO) male Sprague Dawley rats were administered a daily intraperitoneal injection of O-1602, O-1918 or vehicle for 6 weeks. C2C12 myotubes were treated with O-1602 or O-1918 and human primary myotubes were treated with O-1918. GPR18 mRNA was expressed in the skeletal muscle of DIO rats and was up-regulated...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Importance  Cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS)—a diagnostic indicator of cannabis use disorder—commonly occurs on cessation of heavy and prolonged cannabis use. To date, the prevalence of CWS syndrome has not been well described, nor have the factors potentially associated with CWS. Objectives  To estimate the prevalence of CWS among individuals with regular or dependent use of cannabinoids and identify factors associated with CWS. Data Sources  A search of literature from database inception to June 19, 2019, was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ProQuest, Allied and Complementary Medicine,...

Abstract Novel antimicrobial drugs are urgently needed to counteract the increasing occurrence of bacterial resistance. Extracts of Cannabis sativa have been used for the treatment of several diseases since ancient times. However, its phytocannabinoid constituents are predominantly associated with psychotropic effects and medical applications far beyond the treatment of infections. It has been demonstrated that several cannabinoids show potent antimicrobial activity against primarily Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As first in vivo efficacy has been demonstrated recently, it is time to discuss whether cannabinoids are promising antimicrobial drug candidates or overhyped intoxicants with benefits.

Abstract This review examines the impact of cannabinoids on viral infections, as well as its effects on the mitochondria of the nervous and immune system. The paper conveys information about the beneficial and negative impacts of cannabinoids on viral infections, especially HIV-1. These include effects on the inflammatory response as well as neuroprotective effects. We also explore non-apoptotic mitochondrial pathways modulated by the activity of cannabinoids, resulting in modifications to cellular functions. As a large part of the literature derives from studies of the nervous system, we first compile the information related to mitochondrial functions in this system, particularly through the CB1 receptor. Finally,...