ABSTRACT Cannabidiol (CBD) is a constituent of the cannabis plant with a diverse array of pharmacological activities as well as potential therapeutic uses. An oral formulation of CBD (Epidiolex in the US; Epidyolex in Europe) is approved for treating seizures associated with rare and severe forms of epilepsy. These studies, which supported the approval of the medication, investigated abuse-related effects of CBD in rats and nonhuman primates (NHPs) using drug self-administration, drug discrimination, and physical dependence procedures and characterized its pharmacokinetics. In NHPs (n 5 5) that self-administered midazolam (0.01 or 0.032 mg/kg/infusion), CBD (0.1–3.2 mg/kg/infusion) failed to maintain responding above vehicle levels. CBD...