Abstract Importance Following expansive legalization of cannabis in many parts of the United States, cannabis use in pregnancy has increased several fold. There is a pressing need to understand the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with this exposure. Objective To quantify the maternal and neonatal outcomes of mothers using cannabis during pregnancy. Data sources We searched five databases for all relevant observational studies, from each database’s inception until March 1st 2024. Study selection Two reviewers separately screened the studies in duplicate. Our initial search yielded 5184 studies, of which 51 (0.98%) were included in our qualitative synthesis. Data extraction and synthesis Our study adhered...

Please use this link to access this publication. ABSTRACT Cannabis use among adolescents and young adults has become a significant public health concern in the United States (US), as it is associated with immediate and long-term effects on mental health, academic achievement, and social functioning. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify risk and protective factors contributing to cannabis use initiation and continuation among adolescents and young adults in the US. A search (January 2019 to September 2024) was conducted across CINAHL, Medline (OVID), and PubMed databases using PRISMA guidelines and relevant MeSH terms. Studies were included if they were peer-reviewed, quantitative,...

Abstract This systematic review examines the efficacy of medical cannabis in pain management within orthopaedic domains, including arthritis pain, postsurgical pain, back pain, and post-trauma pain. Given the challenges and risks associated with traditional pain medications, particularly opioids, this review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of medical cannabis for orthopaedic pain management. A literature search was conducted on databases such as PubMed and Cochrane to find primary research papers on the efficacy and safety of cannabis. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on available literature, focusing on studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety profile of medical cannabis in various orthopaedic pain conditions....

Abstract Background For individuals who wish to reduce their cannabis use without formal help, there are a variety of self-help tools available. Although some are proven to be effective in reducing cannabis use, effect sizes are typically small. More insight into predictors of successful reduction of use among individuals who frequently use cannabis and desire to reduce/quit could help identify factors that contribute to successful cannabis use moderation. Methods We analyzed data taken from a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of the digital cannabis intervention ICan to four online modules of educational information on cannabis. For the current study, we included 253 participants. Success was defined as...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Observational evidence investigating associations between cannabis use and hypertension is inconsistent. METHODS: The association between cumulative lifetime cannabis use (cannabis-years) and incident hypertension was examined over 35 years in a sample of CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Marginal structural models with inverse probability weighting were used to adjust for potential time-dependent confounding and censoring. Hazard ratios and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Sensitivity analyses included modeling cannabis-years using restricted cubic splines, stratifying the primary analyses by sex, race, alcohol and cigarette smoking, and evaluating an additional exposure...

Please use this link to access this publication. ABSTRACTS Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, heterogeneous disease, and its management remains challenging due to varying symptoms and patient responses to treatments. While injectable therapies like glatiramer acetate and beta-interferon are common, they have limitations such as side effects and varying efficacy. Cannabis has garnered attention as a potential alternative treatment, particularly for symptoms like spasticity and pain. Objective This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of cannabis-based therapies for managing MS-related spasticity. Methods Nine clinical trials involving 2544 MS patients were included, with studies conducted between 2003 and 2021 across multiple countries. Cannabinoid...

Abstract Background Despite the high and increasing rates of cannabis and nicotine/tobacco product (NTP) use during pregnancy, the impact of their combined use on health outcomes in offspring remains poorly understood. Given the growing body of research on prenatal cannabis and NTP co-exposure and its effects on neonatal, behavioral, cognitive, and physiological outcomes in offspring, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize the existing literature and evaluate whether prenatal co-exposure results in additive and/or synergistic adverse effects compared to prenatal cannabis-only exposure and prenatal NTP-only exposure. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO databases via OVID for human and animal studies examining the association...

ABSTRACT The increasing utilization of cannabis products combined with lack of data regarding potential cannabis–prescription drug interactions is concerning. This study aimed to review published case reports and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) spontaneous reports to assess cannabis–drug interactions in persons aged 18 and over. A literature search identified 20 case reports that were each assessed for drug interaction causality using the Drug Interaction Probability Scale. Data collected from the FAERS revealed a greater proportion of reports mentioning serious outcomes, including death, when cannabis was used concomitantly with controlled substances compared to noncontrolled substances. Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference between...

Abstract Cannabis sativa L. is cultivated nowadays for agricultural, industrial, and medicinal applications and also for recreational use. The latter is due to the presence of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, a psychoactive substance. Recreational cannabis policies vary between different countries, which has led to the lack of a clearly defined legal context for cannabis and also a diversity of products derived from or containing cannabis on the (il)legal market. These cannabis-derived products have regained attention, notably because of their cannabinoid content. This review aims to assess and present analytical methods developed to analyze phytocannabinoids with spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques in specific cannabis matrices: herbs and oily products. Published...

Abstract Objective:  Human sleep is fundamental for the proper occurrence of organic functions. Hence, lack of sleep can impair cognitive function, resulting in emotional problems, memory changes, and disease onset. However, it is worth noting that sleep is influenced by outside factors, such as drug use. In this sense, the aim of this review is to analyze studies that researched the influence of recreational marijuana on the sleep quality of adults. Methods:  High-sensitivity searches were conducted on databases (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde [BVS], MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) using descriptors related to marijuana and sleep habits. Results:  Eighteen studies...