ABSTRACT With the partial legalization of high-THC Cannabis sativa across 23 states for recreational use and 38 states for medical purposes in the United States, the Cannabis industry is poised for significant growth. Projected to reach a sales volume of $50.7 billion by 2028, this growth is driven by the trend of lifting Cannabis prohibition. High-THC C. sativa cultivars, containing more than 0.3% delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) as defined by the 2018 US Farm Bill, are used for both medicinal and recreational purposes. Cannabis sativa is a short day, dioecious, annual plant, where female plants are favored for THC production, which requires seed feminization techniques to ensure an accurate female plant population. This involves using...

Abstract: Cannabis is the most used drug worldwide with an estimated 219 million users. This narrative review aims to explore the adverse effects and therapeutic applications of cannabis and cannabinoids on the eye, given its growing clinical and non-clinical uses. The current literature reports several adverse ocular effects of cannabis and cannabinoids, including eyelid tremor, ptosis, reduced corneal endothelial cell density, dry eyes, red eyes, and neuro-retinal dysfunction. Cannabinoids may transiently impair night vision, depth perception, binocular and monocular contrast sensitivity, and dynamic visual acuity. Cannabinoids are not currently considered a first-line treatment option for any ocular conditions. Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol been shown to result in...

Abstract Objectives As a growing body of research has linked cannabis consumption and problematic Internet use (PIU), more insight is needed to interpret this association. This scoping review aims to summarize the available literature on PIU and cannabis consumption and to underlie future avenues of research. Methods We conducted an electronic search including all papers published from database inception until May 2023, using keywords related to PIU and cannabis use in the following databases: Academic Search Complete, APA PsychInfo, PubMed, SocINDEX, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. Studies eligible for this review had to meet the following criteria: (1) the primary theme...

Abstract Background With aging emerging as a global challenge linked to chronic diseases, identifying interventions that support a healthy lifespan and health span has become imperative. Cannabinoids derived from cannabis, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), have gained attention for their potential to promote healthy aging through interactions with the endocannabinoid system. While CBD has often been highlighted for its benefits, emerging evidence indicates that THC, under certain conditions and doses, may also play a therapeutic role in aging. Despite this interest, significant knowledge gaps persist in understanding cannabis’s role in promoting healthy aging and longevity. Aim We reviewed recent literature to investigate the...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Introduction: The effect of cannabis use on health is likely to depend on individual differences. In particular, there is a growing need to understand the impact of cannabis and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain and behavioral health across the lifespan. Materials and Methods: We conducted a narrative review summarizing the effects of cannabis and THC across three stages of life: in utero, adolescence, and late adulthood. We also provide an up-to-date report on past 30-day cannabis use and risk perceptions from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; 2002–2023) during pregnancy, adolescence, and late adulthood. We note...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabis sativa L. is gaining attention as a multifunctional species for environmental remediation due to its high biomass productivity, pollutant tolerance, and versatility. This review synthesizes its application across three environmental media: soil, water, and air. In soil systems, hemp has been investigated for the remediation of heavy metals, organic pollutants (f.ex., PAHs), and radionuclides, via mechanisms such as phytoextraction, rhizodegradation, and phytostabilization. Aquatic applications include biosorption (using raw and chemically modified hemp-derived materials to remove nutrients, heavy metals, dyes, and pharmaceuticals), hydroponic phytoremediation of landfill leachate, and field cultivation with treated wastewater irrigation. The review analysis reveals that hemp-based soil remediation, particularly for heavy metals, is the most developed...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabis sativa is one of the oldest medicinal plants in human history. Even ancient physicians from hundreds of years ago used Cannabis sativa to treat several conditions like pain. In the modern era, the research community, including health-care providers, have witnessed wide-scale changes in cannabis policy, legislation, and marketing, with a parallel increase in patient interest. A simple search in PubMed using “cannabis and pain” as keywords provides more than 2,400 articles, about 80% of which were published in the last 8–10 years. Several advancements have been achieved in understanding the complex chemistry of cannabis along with its multiple...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Introduction: Cannabis vaporization is useful for individuals requiring fast-acting method of cannabis administration and for individuals using smoked cannabis as a harm reduction tool. There is a need for guidance on how to assess if a patient is a vaporization candidate and how to safely initiate and monitor cannabis vaporization. Methods: An overview of safe cannabis vaporization, including practical guidance and tactics to promote the lowest-risk use, is provided. This review was developed through a combination of expert clinical opinion and reviewing the available literature. Results: Dried cannabis vaporizers and metered-dose inhalers are recommended to be used over...

Abstract Chronic non-cancer pain, defined by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as lasting beyond three months, significantly affects individuals’ quality of life and is often linked to various medical conditions or injuries. Its management is complex. Cannabis, containing the key compounds Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), has garnered interest for its potential in pain management, though it remains controversial due to its psychoactive effects and illegal status in many countries. THC provides pain relief by blocking nociceptive stimuli but has psychoactive effects and may potentially induce dependency. CBD has calming and antipsychotic properties. The inhalation of cannabis offers quick relief but...

Abstract Background The use of cannabis has been associated with both therapeutic and harmful effects. As with cigarette smoking, cannabis smoking may affect the epigenetic regulation (e.g., DNA methylation) of gene expression which could result in long term health effects. The study of DNA methylation in cannabis smoking has to date been restricted to young adults and there remains yet no evaluation of whether cannabis smoking cessation can reverse epigenetic disturbances. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between genome-wide DNA methylation and cannabis smoking. Methods We used peripheral blood from a subset of older adults within the Canadian Cohort of Obstructive Lung Disease...