Abstract As high-potency cannabis (with high Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol content) becomes easily accessible and widespread, it is of extreme importance for public health that a scientific platform is used to implement practical guidelines, particularly for at-risk populations. Many reviews have been written in the past decade summarizing the impact of cannabis in the developing brain. One critical concept frequently mentioned but not discussed in detail is whether there are sensitive neurodevelopmental events driving the age-specific sensitivity to cannabis, particularly those mediated by cannabinoid type 1 receptor signaling. By integrating available data from humans and animal models, the goal of the present expert review article is to...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Neuropathic pain, a complex and often devastating condition, poses significant challenges for its effective management. Despite promising research on various cannabis formulations and delivery methods for neuropathic pain, significant gaps remain in our knowledge. While inhaled cannabis shows analgesic effects and alternative delivery methods may improve bioavailability, oral formulations have yielded mixed results, often limited by small sample sizes and placebo effects. Therefore, further research is essential to optimize cannabis formulations, identify responder profiles to tailor treatments effectively, and, most critically, confirm the long-term safety and efficacy of cannabis-based therapies in managing NP. This review...

Abstract Background Until 25 years ago cyclic vomiting attacks under the chronic influence of cannabis were virtually unknown. Following the legalization of non-medical cannabis in North America and the associated increase in cannabis use, including high-potency strains, the number of patients there with cannabis-related cyclic vomiting is increasing. The ROME-IV criteria now define cannabis-induced cyclic vomiting as cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). This review aims to provide information about CHS, as an increase in cases is also to be expected in Germany following legalization. Method Selective review article. Results The CHS is most frequently registered in emergency departments. A clear differentiation between CHS and cyclic vomiting syndrome...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Purpose of Review Medical cannabis (MC) has entered mainstream medicine by a unique route. Regulatory acceptance as a medical product in many jurisdictions has bypassed the traditional evidence-based pathway required for therapies. Easier access to MC, especially related to recreational legalization of cannabis, has led to widespread use by patients for symptom relief of a variety of medical conditions and often without medical oversight. Musculoskeletal pain remains the most common reason for MC use. This review examines real-world issues pertaining to MC and offers some guidance for clinical care of patients with rheumatic diseases being...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Nausea and vomiting are not uncommon symptoms resulting in emergency department (ED) or primary care visits. One of the emerging etiologies – Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS) remains significantly under-diagnosed, often resulting in unnecessary repeat ED visits and testing. This is in part due to lack of experience with and knowledge about CHS by health care professionals. Characterized by cyclic vomiting, often severe and intractable, it is frequently associated with a form of self-treatment; the compulsive need to take hot showers, and in the context of chronic cannabis use. With increased legalization and resultant accessibility to cannabis containing products, the risk of adverse events is significantly rising....

ABSTRACT Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome presents as a complex of symptoms and signs encompassing nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and hot water bathing behavior, most typically in a heavy cannabis user. Its presentation is frequently associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation with stress and weight loss. Recent investigation has identified five statistically significant mutations in patients distinct from those of frequent cannabis users who lack the symptoms, affecting the TRPV1 receptor, two dopamine genes, the cytochrome P450 2C9 enzyme that metabolizes tetrahydrocannabinol, and the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter. The syndrome is associated with escalating intake of high potency cannabis, or alternatively, other agonists of the cannabinoid-1 receptor...

Abstract Background: Our objective was to provide an overview of the currently available scientific and clinical data supporting the use of Cannabis and Cannabis-derived products for the treatment of chronic pain disorders. We also provide information for researchers, clinicians, and patients to be better informed and understand the approach behind the recommendation of Cannabis as a potential adjuvant in the treatment/control of chronic pain. Cannabis and its bioactive compounds have sparked interest in the field of pain treatment in spite of its controversial history and status as a controlled substance in many countries. With the increase in chronic pain, physicians and patients have started to look at alternative ways to...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a (probably) rare syndrome that occurs in frequent and chronic cannabis users. It is characterised by cyclical vomiting and gastrointestinal symptoms. CHS is frequently misdiagnosed resulting in extensive investigations and delayed diagnosis and treatment. Standard anti-emetic treatments are typically not effective, and no standardised treatment protocol exists for CHS. Bathing or showering in hot water is often reported to relieve symptoms. Little is known of the aetiology of CHS as the literature is predominantly informed by case reports and chart reviews. Similarly, little is known of the demographics and cannabis...

Please use this link to access this publication Abstract Cannabis, commonly known as marijuana, is a psychoactive plant that has been used for both medicinal and recreational purposes for centuries. It contains over 100 biologically active compounds known as cannabinoids, the most notable of which are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is responsible for the euphoric and hallucinogenic effects associated with cannabis use, while CBD is often utilized for its potential therapeutic benefits, such as pain relief and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite its widespread reputation for alleviating nausea and stimulating appetite, chronic cannabis use has been linked to a paradoxical condition known as cannabinoid...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Momentum towards legalization of medical and recreational cannabis drives a convergence between natural cannabinoids and their synthetic counterparts, creating new clinical challenges in a second wave of exposures. This review critically examines the emerging challenges posed by synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) and semi-synthetic cannabinoids, emphasizing their clinical implications. SCRAs are potent full agonist activity that have been identified as adulterants in several recreational substances, including cannabis and opioids. Adulteration often leads to unpredictable clinical outcomes and exacerbates the potential for drug interactions. Drawing parallels with other drug epidemics, this paper highlights the urgent need for clinical preparedness to address the nuanced...