Abstract Background: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a condition characterized by cyclic abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea, primarily affecting adolescents and adults with a history of chronic cannabis use. The diagnosis of CHS is clinical, with symptom resolution upon cannabis cessation considered pathognomonic. The overlap of CHS symptoms with other conditions complicates the differential diagnosis, particularly in emergency settings. Case Presentation: We report an unusual case of a 28-year-old man admitted to the Emergency Department of Rovereto (Italy) with limb paresthesia and agitation. Initial evaluation revealed indirect clinical signs of hypocalcemia, and QTc prolongation and severe hypokalemia on electrocardiogram. The arterial blood gas analysis suggested mixed...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a paradoxical condition characterized by recurrent episodes of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain in chronic cannabis users. Despite the increasing legalization and widespread use of cannabis, CHS remains underdiagnosed, often leading to unnecessary diagnostic tests and ineffective treatments. The syndrome is marked by symptom relief through hot baths, a behavioral pattern that can aid in its identification. We report a case of a 29-year-old male with a five-year history of recurrent vomiting and significant weight loss. The patient had multiple emergency department visits and was misdiagnosed with anxiety disorder due to...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is an emerging disorder in chronic cannabis users, characterized by recurrent nausea, vomiting, severe abdominal pain, and compulsive hot bathing. We report a case of CHS complicated by profound lactic acidosis (lactate 6.1 mmol/L), highlighting this metabolic derangement as a secondary effect of severe dehydration and physiological stress from intractable vomiting and pain. Our case underscores the importance of early recognition of CHS even when abdominal pain predominates, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and targeted therapies including haloperidol and capsaicin. We also review current evidence on CHS pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and management strategies, alongside the increasing prevalence...

Abstract Background Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is an increasingly recognized condition linked to chronic cannabis use, yet it remains frequently overlooked in clinical practice. The syndrome is characterized by cyclic episodes of severe nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, often relieved temporarily by hot showers or baths. With the rising prevalence of cannabis use following its legalization, the incidence of CHS has surged, presenting a significant challenge in both diagnosis and management within primary healthcare settings. Understanding the epidemiology, risk factors, and potential long-term sequelae of CHS is crucial for timely identification and intervention. This case report highlights the challenge of diagnosis and management of...

Please use this link to access this publication. ABSTRACT Objective This study examined the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on negative mood and drinking behaviors, and whether those effects were moderated by levels of perceived discrimination among participants who identify with a racial, ethnic, gender, or sexual identity that is underrepresented in research. Methods Participants were either not using cannabis, using cannabis with THC, or using cannabis with CBD and were assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4-weeks following ad libitum use of a legal market cannabis product that was randomly assigned to them. Primary outcomes included scores on the Depression Anxiety Stress (DASS) Scale...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract A six-year-old boy presented to the pediatric emergency department following an accidental ingestion of a synthetic cannabinoid. The child ingested an edible product containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and presented with lethargy, altered mental status, and increased muscle tone. The airway was protected, and the patient was breathing spontaneously. Initial assessment included a thorough history provided by the caregivers, which confirmed ingestion of cannabinoid gummies approximately two hours prior to presentation. An electrocardiogram demonstrated sinus tachycardia with a prolonged QTc. Toxicology screening was presumed positive for cannabinoids. Therapeutic management focused on supportive care. The patient was admitted...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Introduction Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of severe nausea and vomiting, often associated with prolonged and excessive cannabis use. With the recent legalization and rising consumption of cannabidiol (CBD) in Europe and the United States, concerns have emerged about its potential role in triggering similar symptoms. Case Report A 32-year-old male with a history of cannabis, tobacco and alcohol use disorder experienced multiple cyclic vomiting episodes after switching from cannabis to CBD. Initially, the patient presented with abdominal pain and vomiting after ceasing cannabis use, with symptoms alleviated by hot showers. Three...

Abstract The expanding legalization of cannabis raises significant public health concerns about its use during pregnancy, particularly due to the limited understanding of its impact on neurodevelopment. Existing research suggests that perinatal cannabis or cannabinoid exposure may impair learning and memory; however, variations in study design hinder the ability to draw generalizable conclusions. Clinical studies are limited in their observational nature and the lack of insight into neural or cellular mechanisms underlying cognitive changes, underscoring the importance of preclinical studies to explore the effects of perinatal cannabinoids in greater detail. The objective of this systematic review is to consolidate findings from existing preclinical research that investigates the effects of...

Abstract Background The rapid increase in cannabis use during pregnancy—up by 170 % between 2009 and 2016—raises pressing concerns about its effects on fetal health, particularly on the delicate monoamine system within the fetoplacental unit, which is crucial for placental function and neurodevelopment. Objective This systematic review explores the impact of prenatal cannabinoid exposure on the monoamine system within the fetoplacental unit, with a focus on its implications for fetal development through the lens of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. Methods A comprehensive search across multiple databases initially retrieved 18,252 papers. After rigorous screening, only 16 animal studies and 4 human studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were synthesized to evaluate the effects of...

Abstract There is a significant global upsurge in the number and proportion of older persons in the population. With this comes an increasing prevalence of age-related conditions which pose a major challenge to healthcare systems. The development of anti-ageing treatments may help meet this challenge by targeting the ageing process which is a common denominator to many health problems. Cannabis-like compounds (cannabinoids) are reported to improve quality of life and general well-being in human trials, and there is increasing preclinical research highlighting that they have anti-ageing activity. Moreover, preclinical evidence suggests that endogenous cannabinoids regulate ageing processes. Here, we review the anti-ageing effects of...