Over the past years, several lines of evidence support an antitumourigenic effect of cannabinoids including D9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (D9 -THC), synthetic agonists, endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid transport or degradation inhibitors. Indeed, cannabinoids possess anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects and they are known to interfere with tumour neovascularization, cancer cell migration, adhesion, invasion and metastasization. However, the clinical use of D9 -THC and additional cannabinoid agonists is often limited by their unwanted psychoactive side effects, and for this reason interest in non-psychoactive cannabinoid compounds with structural affinity for D9 -THC, such as cannabidiol (CBD), has substantially increased in recent years. The present review will focus on the efficacy...
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