Abstract The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with cannabis discontinuation, to assess the impact of mental health and addiction interventions on cannabis discontinuation during pregnancy and to investigate the neonatal impact of cannabis discontinuation. This is a 10-year cohort study in a tertiary hospital in Barcelona, Spain, including women with self-reported cannabis use during pregnancy. Main outcome was cannabis discontinuation based on biological sample testing. Secondary outcomes were neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, preterm birth, birth weight and bottle-feeding. When cannabis use was detected during pregnancy, 32 out of 81 (38.3%) discontinued cannabis during pregnancy vs. four out of...

Abstract Objective Forthcoming legislative changes will legalize and make cannabis widely available in Canada. We conducted an analysis of Ontario’s birth registry to determine recent trends and correlates of cannabis use in pregnancy. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study assembled from the Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario database, covering live births and stillbirths in Ontario between April 2012 and December 2017. Trends in self-reported cannabis use in pregnancy were analyzed according to maternal age and area-level socio-economic status (SES) using log binomial regression analysis. Results A total of 10,731 women reported cannabis use in pregnancy. Prevalence increased from 1.2% in...

Key Points Question  Did rates of cannabis use during early pregnancy change after recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) in California, and did trends differ in jurisdictions that allowed vs banned adult-use retailers? Findings  This time-series study of 300 993 pregnancies universally screened for prenatal cannabis use at entrance to prenatal care in Northern California from 2012 to 2019, there was an increase in self-reported and biochemically verified prenatal cannabis use after RCL implementation in 2018. The increase was observed only among those living in jurisdictions allowing adult-use cannabis retailers. Meaning  The implementation of RCL in California was associated with an increase in prenatal cannabis use, driven by individuals living...

Abstract Background: With recent changes in legislation regulating recreational and medical cannabis use around the globe, increased use in pregnancy is to be expected. Objectives: To investigate the association between cannabis use during pregnancy and birth outcomes. Method: Data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), a prospective pregnancy cohort, were used. Participants were recruited from all over Norway between 1999 and 2008: 9,312 women with 10,373 pregnancies who reported use of cannabis before or in pregnancy. Women reported on their illegal drug use before pregnancy and at pregnancy weeks 17/18 and 30 and at 6 months postpartum. Linear regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Purpose of Review We review recent evidence describing the effects of prenatal exposure to cannabis in pregnant individuals. Recent Findings In the context of changing cannabis policy, more pregnant individuals are using cannabis, despite profound risks. Recent studies show possible perinatal and longitudinal neurodevelopment risks associated with cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation. Healthcare providers are reluctant to discuss this topic with patients for a variety of reasons. Summary With increased access to cannabis comes the possibility of increased adverse effects of cannabis upon pregnant individuals and their children. A concerted effort to educate pregnant...

Please use this link to access this publication. Abstract Objective: To determine whether prenatal cannabis use alone increases the likelihood of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Study Design: We searched bibliographic databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane reviews, PsycInfo, MEDLINE, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar from inception through February 14, 2022. Cohort or case–control studies with prespecified fetal or neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with prenatal cannabis use. Primary outcomes were preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks of gestation), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), birthweight (grams), and perinatal mortality. Two independent reviewers screened studies. Studies were extracted by one reviewer and confirmed by a second using a predefined template. Risk...

Abstract Importance: Many studies have evaluated whether in utero cannabis exposure is associated with fetal and neonatal outcomes, yet little is known about whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy. Objective: To evaluate whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy. Design, setting, and participants: This population-based retrospective cohort study included pregnancies in Northern California from January 2011 to December 2019 that lasted 20 weeks or longer and were screened for prenatal cannabis use. Exposures: Prenatal cannabis use was defined as any self-reported use during early pregnancy or a positive toxicology test result based on universal screening at entrance...

Abstract Introduction: Cannabis potency and its use during pregnancy have increased in the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of antenatal cannabis use on fetal growth, preterm birth and other perinatal outcomes. Material and methods: A propensity score-matched analysis was performed in women with singleton pregnancies attending a tertiary care site in Barcelona. Women in the cannabis group were selected based on the results of a detection test. Primary outcomes were small for gestational age at birth (SGA), low birthweight and preterm birth. Secondary outcomes were other biometric parameters (neonatal length and head circumference), respiratory distress, admission to the neonatal...

Abstract Purpose of review: To consolidate information on the obesogenic and cardiometabolic effects of prenatal exposure to cannabis. Recent findings: A PubMed search strategy updated from January 1, 2014, through 14 June 2023, produced a total of 47 epidemiologic studies and 12 animal studies. Prenatal exposure to cannabis is consistently associated with small for gestational age and low birth weight. After birth, these offspring gain weight rapidly and have increased adiposity and higher glucose (fat mass percentage) in childhood. More preclinical and prospective studies are needed to deepen our understanding of whether these associations vary by sex, dose, timing, and composition of cannabis (e.g., ratio of...

Key Points Question  Is prenatal exposure to cannabis associated with child outcomes? Findings  This cross-sectional analysis of 11 489 children (655 exposed to cannabis prenatally) found that prenatal cannabis exposure after maternal knowledge of pregnancy was associated with greater psychopathology during middle childhood, even after accounting for potentially confounding variables. Meaning  Prenatal cannabis exposure may increase risk for psychopathology; consistent with recent recommendations by the Surgeon General of the United States, these data suggest that cannabis use during pregnancy should be discouraged by clinicians and dispensaries. Abstract Importance  In light of increasing cannabis use among pregnant women, the US Surgeon General recently issued an advisory against the use of...